Which of the following diseases is spread by mosquitos?

Malaria is a disease specifically transmitted by mosquitoes, primarily the Anopheles species. These mosquitoes act as vectors, carrying the malaria parasite, Plasmodium, from one host to another. When an infected mosquito bites a human, the parasite enters the bloodstream and can cause serious health issues, often leading to fever, chills, and flu-like symptoms.

In contrast, Lyme disease is transmitted through tick bites, primarily from deer ticks. Influenza and the common cold are both viral respiratory illnesses spread primarily through respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, rather than through insect bites. Thus, malaria stands out as the only option that directly relates to mosquito transmission.